Worms South of Mainz in Wonnegau is the old imperial and episcopal city of Worms with the cathedral and numerous other Romanesque buildings. The synagogue in Worms’ Jewish Quarter is the oldest Jewish sacred building in Germany. The legendary treasure of the Nibelungen is said to lie near Worms at the bottom of the Rhine….
Category: Europe
Geography of Estonia
General information about Estonia The official name is the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik). Located in the northeast of Europe. The area is 45.2 thousand km2, the population is 1.423 million people. (2001). The official language is Estonian. The capital is Tallinn (500 thousand people, 2001). Public holiday – Independence Day February 24 (1918). The…
Geography of Turkey
Turkey is located between 25°40′ and 44°48′ East longitude and 35°51′ and 42°06′ North latitude. It is washed by the seas – in the north by the Black, in the west by the Aegean, in the south by the Mediterranean. The Black and Aegean Seas are separated from each other by a water system, including…
Yalova, Turkey
History reference. Turkey’s Yalova Thermal Resort (tur. Yalova Kaplıcaları, Eng. Yalova Thermal Resort) is located 2.5 hours drive from Istanbul and has been famous for its hot mineral springs since the times of the Ottoman Empire. The first thermal baths in these parts were built during the reign of the Byzantine emperor Constantine (312-337 AD),…
Sardinia, Italy
Wonderful Sardinia is the second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with a special autonomous status within the Italian Republic. An ancient land that keeps the traditions of different civilizations – from the powerful Nuraghes to the Phoenicians, Romans, Arabs and Byzantines. Sardinia delights with its amazing beauty and variety of landscapes, the emerald-crystal sea,…
Serbia Economic Conditions
The Serbian economy has always represented, together with the Croatian and Slovenian ones, an element of strength within the economic structure of the Federal Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia. In 1989 the ‘global social product’ of the Serbia represented 36.2% of the federal one; in the same year the per capita income (valued at 2350 dollars),…
Estonia Arts and Architecture
Only from the second half of the 19th century. a native monumental architecture developed in Estonia From the 13th to the 17th century. mainly German influences had been predominant in the country, also thanks to the presence of foreign architects, while from the 18th century. Russian influence was important (Kadriorg palace, designed by N. Michetti…
Switzerland Physical Characteristics
Switzerland (ted. Schweiz; fr. Suisse; Svizra Romansh) State of ‘ Europe Central, extended mainly on the northern slope of the west-central section of the Alpine system. Inland state, landlocked, bordered to the North with Germany, to the East with Austria and Liechtenstein, to the South with Italy and to the West and NW with France. MORPHOLOGY…
The Kingdom of Greece
According to watchtutorials, the London Protocol (1830) gave rise to the Kingdom of Greece, territorially limited between the Gulf of Arta and that of Volos, while Great Britain retained possession of the Ionian islands (ceded to the Greeks only in 1863). The 1832 convention attributed the crown to Otto of Wittelsbach, son of Louis I…
Greece Sculpture Part III
Scopa’s finding of two new copies of the so-called Apollo with the goose, quite fine, in via Cavour in Rome, led to a re-proposal of the problem of attribution to the master of this type, in which the Pothos (personification of desire amoroso) and its critical evaluation. For Leocare we have a new signature found…
Greece Sculpture Part II
A small plastic monument of severe style can also be considered a nice perfume burner with peplophóros found in Delphi. W. Amelung’s reconstruction of the famous Aphrodite Sosandra of Calamioe found interesting confirmation with the discovery in the excavations of Hama on the Orontes of a new copy with the head of the so-called Aspasia type. Of…
Greece Sculpture Part I
For the plastic arts, after the discovery of the small wooden xóana by Palma Montechiaro (see xoanon, XXXV, p. 825), three statuettes of laminated and hammered bronze, one male and two female, came to light in Dreros in Crete. with geometrized and schematized bodies, datable towards the middle of the century. VII a. C., which give a…
Greece Music Part 4
The lira follows the evolution of this system. At first its extension includes two joint tetrachords (lira heptachorde). Each of the strings has its own name deriving from its position on the instrument: ipate (ὑπάτη) means the highest string; paripate (παρυπάτη) closest to highest; licanos (λίχανος) index; month (μέση) mean; trite (τρίτη) third; paranete (παρανήτη)…
Greece Music Part 3
The meeting of a large number of choristers and players in the immense Roman and Alexandrian theaters and amphitheaters does not constitute progress, leading only to an increase in sonority. The only genres that retain any vitality are the hymn, the citarodia, the auletic nómos. But Christianity does not take long to proscribe them, as…
Greece Music Part 2
According to sourcemakeup, the nomic melodies (νόμοι), transmitted by tradition, and kept by the priests in the archives of the major sanctuaries, where they were performed in the practices of worship, initially limited to a small number, became the subject of a series of transformations and elaborations to which each composer brought his own contribution….
Greece Music Part 1
The deeper one penetrates into the history of the Greek people, the greater appears to have been the place occupied by music in public and private life. There was no act or event of urban or rural existence (funerals, weddings, harvests, reaping, etc.) that did not involve or explicitly did not require a more or…
Greece Law Part III
The succession is, in principle and by rule as ancient as and more than the Greek people, of children to the father: whoever has no descendants can create them with adoption, between living or due to death (εἰσποίησις). In progress of time the laws call to inherit, in the absence of legitimate and adoptive descendants,…
Greece Law Part II
The most characteristic features, perhaps even the least intelligible to the scholar educated in Roman law, are in terms of rights over things. The concept of ownership is missing, as an elastic right that any limitation potentially leaves intact: κύριος, κυριεία, κυριεύειν indicate the situation that allows the owner, according to an economic evaluation, the…
Greece Law Part I
According to picktrue, there are as many Greek rights as there are cities in Greece: only a small part of the συμπολιτεία which links several cities in a federation, translates into laws having effect in all associated cities; but also the territorial extension of the federations usually does not exceed that of the major cities….
Greece History – The Roman Conquest Part 4
Whether or not he really belonged to the royal family, he soon had all of Macedonia in his hands. And since the Romans, distracted by the Third Punic War, who were fighting at the time, at first sent only a few forces against him, he won over them a victory (149), which consolidated his authority…
Greece History – The Roman Conquest Part 3
According to justinshoes, the defeat of Thermopylae, which forced Antiochus, weakly helped by the allies, to fall back to Asia (191), left the Aetolians alone in the face of Roman excessive power. Philip took advantage of it to try to regain part of what he had lost in Thessaly and the surrounding regions, and the…
Greece History – The Roman Conquest Part 2
In the autumn of 200, consul Galba started the Second Macedonian War by landing his legions in the Roman possessions of today’s Albania. Immediately after, his successful invasion of Macedonia caused the Aetolians, breaking the peace with Philip, to return to the Roman alliance (199). Macedonian symmetry had remained neutral, but neutrality, benevolent at first…
Greece History – The Roman Conquest Part 1
According to healthvv, the defeat of the Romans at Cannae induced Philip to make an alliance with Hannibal, and certainly Rome must have appeared to Philip much more dangerous than Carthage and it seemed to him a vital interest for Macedonia to snatch Corcira and the possessions beyond the Adriatic from it. But to fight…
Greece Prose
Meanwhile, in the long and varied group of poets that follow one another after the collapse of the epic, from the century. VII to VI a. There are clear signs of an important crisis: namely, the difficulty of reconciling poetic inspiration with the changed conditions of culture, with the progress of spiritual consciousness, especially in…
Greece Physical Characteristics
Greece is a state of southern Europe, including the lower part of the Balkan Peninsula, the archipelagos of the Ionian and Aegean and the island of Crete. It borders to the NW with Albania, to the North with the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgariaand to the East with Turkey ; it is washed to the West by the Ionian Sea, to the East by the Aegean….
Germany Arts and Architecture – From the 16th to the 19th Century
From the 16th to the 18th century Against the background of dramatic political, cultural and religious contrasts, the personalities of A. Dürer stand out with exceptional vigor, who finds a dialectic synthesis between fantasy and Nordic sensitivity and Italian formal research, by M. Grünewald, with characters of violent visionary expressiveness, of H. Holbein the Younger, with keen observer skills….
Spain Literature Part 2
With all the poetry that raged in his heart, where even the poetic aspirations of the Renaissance vibrate (return to the golden age and primitive justice), Don Quixote fails to his profound life, because to achieve it he adhered to the unbridled art of dreams, that of the books of chivalry, and he wanted to…
Spain Literature
Apart from lyricism, which was an anxiety of interiority, and where Spain had poets of universal value, art proves to be awkward and unable to sustain itself according to an intrinsic norm that harmonizes with a solid intellectual constructive framework. Italianism, which in narrative poetry was the abandonment of the octave of “arte mayor”, produced…
Islay and Isle of Mull, Scotland
Islay Islay Island is part of the Inner Hebrides and is inhabited by around 3,200 people. The fertile island, which was mentioned in writing as early as 560 AD, is known for its eight whiskey distilleries. Islay is the fifth largest island in Scotland. There are many whiskey distilleries on Islay, and at least one…
Montenegro Natural Parks
Piva Natural Park The Piva Nature Park is one of the most beautiful sights in Montenegro. It borders the Durmitor National Park. The region offers a very interesting destination during a trip to Montenegro. It is part of the Piva region and is close to the border with Bosnia-Herzegovina. It owes its name to Lake…